Introduction
An itchy scalp (scalp pruritus) is a sensation of itching, with or without visible lesions. It is a common reason for seeing a dermatologist and may point to an underlying skin condition or have no structural cause. A specialist assessment is essential to identify the cause and start targeted treatment.
Symptoms
- Localised or widespread itching of the scalp
- Scratching, sometimes intense or compulsive
- Burning, tingling or tight sensation
- Redness caused by scratching
- Possible scratch marks or crusts
- Itching on its own or together with: dandruff inflammatory patches reactive hair loss
- dandruff
- inflammatory patches
- reactive hair loss
Causes
- Seborrhoeic dermatitis
- Scalp psoriasis
- Contact dermatitis (cosmetics, hair dyes)
- Dry scalp
- Fungal or parasitic infections
- Pediculosis (head lice)
- Stress and psychological factors
- Atopic background
- Medicines
- Rarer neurological or systemic disorders
Diagnosis
- Diagnosis is based on: Detailed history (duration, triggers) Dermatological examination of the scalp Review of the hair products used Looking for associated lesions
- Detailed history (duration, triggers)
- Dermatological examination of the scalp
- Review of the hair products used
- Looking for associated lesions
- Targeted additional tests if needed
- Itching may be the only symptom of a condition in its early stages
Treatments
- Treatment of the underlying cause
- Suitable medicated shampoos
- Soothing, anti-itch lotions
- Short course of topical corticosteroids if there is inflammation
- Stopping irritating products
- Washing less often or adjusting how you wash
- Emollient scalp care
- Medical LED (anti-inflammatory and anti-itch effect)
- Soothing scalp protocols
- Personalised combined approaches
Management
Specialist dermatology consultation
Accurate diagnosis
Targeted, step-by-step treatment
Follow-up according to progress
Prevention of recurrences